BHI 3.0·Q1 2026 Bulletin
Last computed 14:32 UTC, Apr 29 2026·Spearman ρ = 0.83·Validation: preliminary
Today's bulletin →
Movers · since 14:32 UTC, Apr 29 2026
PLATFORM PROFILEV

Visa

$579B4B+ cardsFintech & Payments
8.82
B-index (V3.1)
BLACK HOLE
Capture2.154
Escape0.244
Key Structural Insight

Purest network effect monopoly in financial services. Both sides cannot leave independently.

Eleven-Parameter Profile

5DATAMEMACTPROCNETCLOSEPORTSUBFALLORGMOM
Data Depth8/10
Memory7/10
Action8/10
Process9/10
Network9/10
Closeness9/10
Portability2/10
Substitutability2/10
Human Fallback2/10
Org Depth9/10
Momentum5/10
Capture Escape Extended

V3.1 Decomposition

ComponentValueFormula
CES₄ capture core0.7984CES(d, m, a, p)
Knowledge synergy σₖ0.7483√(d · m)
Operability synergy σₒ0.8485√(a · p)
Synergy boost1.23951 + 0.3·(σₖ + σₒ)/2
Org-depth multiplier1.45001 + 0.5·o
Momentum multiplier1.15001 + 0.3·t
Total Capture2.1536c·(1+0.5n)·core·syn·org·mom
CES₃ escape core0.2000CES(x, s, h)
Feedback attenuation0.7205max(0.3, 1 − 0.35·core)
Total Escape0.2441ε + escCore · feedback
B = Capture / Escape8.822.154 / 0.244

Scoring Rationale

4B+ cards. 100M+ merchant locations. 65,000+ TPS. Merchants cannot drop Visa without losing sales. Consumers cannot leave without replacing every card and recurring payment.

Parameter Sensitivity

MARGINAL B-INDEX CHANGE PER ±1 SCORE SHIFT
CLOSE9
+1.96
PORT2
-1.83
SUB2
-1.83
FALL2
-1.83
MEM7
+0.84
ACT8
+0.79
DATA8
+0.78
PROC9
+0.74
NET9
+0.61
ORG9
+0.61
MOM5
+0.46
+ raises B (deepens lock-in) lowers B (aids escape)

Comparable PlatformsFintech & Payments (7 peers)

#PlatformTickerB-indexZone
01MastercardMA8.14BLACK HOLEProfile →
02NubankNU5.21BLACK HOLEProfile →
03StripePrivate3.67BLACK HOLEProfile →
04RevolutPrivate2.87BLACK HOLEProfile →
05Block (Square)XYZ2.81BLACK HOLEProfile →
06RobinhoodHOOD1.16TRANSITIONProfile →
07PayPalPYPL1.14TRANSITIONProfile →